BIOFORTIFIKASI DAN KETAHANAN PANGAN

Abstract

Biofortification is one efforts in the agricultural field in order to support food availability which is an important factor in food security. Through those method production and nutrition content of a plant could be increased all at once. There are five important factors that should be taken into account in order rice breeding program could be success in biofortification program that are 1) genetic variability of iron content in paddy, 2) agronomic advantages or disadvantages, 3) food pattern and food processing characteristic changed, 4) bioavailability of iron dense used by the body and 5) a cheap program. In related with those aspect, Indonesia has conducted evaluation and identification the iron content of paddy germplasm which consist of local variety, advanced lines, improved variety and wild rice. Crossing between advanced lines with high iron content and improved lines with IR68144-3b-2-2-3 which contain high iron 21 mg/kg has been conducted through conventional breeding and culture anthera. Now the plantation is in F8 generation. The next research step is adaptability test of advanced lines in a number of rice production center with high prevalent of anemia. Among the improved variety, Cimelati has the highest iron content (16.2 mg/kg) compare to the average of improved lines that is 11.5 mg/kg. Paddy or rice become a major component in the national food security system and national safety stability. In other side, biofortification is one of the innovation technology in order to improve the nutritional quality of rice and increased production which direct influence to the food availability aspect.